When it’s time to sell a business and place a realistic monetary value on it, a businessperson will often consult a business valuator, or try to figure it out themselves using business valuation formulas. But however one may try to figure out their business’s value, there is no clear-cut answer to the question of how much a business is worth. Volumes of books have been written about the subject of “How to Evaluate the Value of an Existing Business”, it would be hard to find more than one expert who arrives at the same price.So how do you arrive at a value for an existing business? Some of the more commonly accepted rules and techniques are outlined below.Sales Basis: Using sales as a basis for the valuation of a business is usually best for service related businesses with a fixed percentage of profit versus overhead and little retained earnings. These may include consulting firms, insurance brokers, temporary agencies, PR firms, professional practices and the like. Each business will use its own multiplier of the annual sales figure to arrive at a selling price, which is based on the type of business and other variables. The multiplier is often adjusted to account for changes in demand, competition, the amount of risk the business assumes, and general trends in the industry.
Cash flow or profit basis: In this model, the sale price of a business is determined by its ability to generate a steady stream of cash flow or profit. By projecting this revenue stream over a period of five years or more, a business valuator can calculate the net worth of the business. Because profits are projected over a period of time, interest rates also play a role, meaning the money earned in the fourth year will be less valuable than money earned in year one. This calculation is known as a “net present value” technique.A professional business valuator or consultant may be able to recommend ways to more accurately calculate a fair selling price. Because they know about the factors that affect the multiplier and can quickly assess the current state of a business, professionals are usually more adept at coming up with the right price.SummaryThere is no hard and fast rule on how to evaluate the value of an existing business. However, two of the more commonly accepted techniques are first, sales basis which is best for service related businesses with a fixed percentage of profit versus overhead and little retained earnings. And second, cash flow or profit basis wherein the sale price is determined by its ability to generate a steady stream of cash flow or profit. However, to ensure that you will be near the actual or best value, why not consult a professional business valuator or consultant?

Sometimes we all need a little lift. Whether you’ve had a recent knock to your confidence, have been going through stress in your personal or professional life, or have always struggled with your self-esteem, music is an essential tool for lifting your spirits and making you feel better about yourself.

According to a study by Heriot-Watt University, the type of music you listen to not only influences your mood, but also your personality, with indie and rock/heavy metal fans reporting the lowest levels of self-esteem, while fans of jazz, blues, opera, classical, pop, rap and soul all reported high levels of self-confidence.

So if you’re having a ‘down day’, why not boost your spirits by listening to some powerful, uplifting tracks? Here are five perfect confidence boosters.

Britney Spears – Toxic
Britney’s own struggles with her mental health and conservatorship have made her an inspiration for many people across the world.

This classic song is timelessly sensual, and the heavy beats throughout make it impossible not to dance to. A welcome blast of nostalgia, this tune has filled dance floors across the globe with fans old and new.

The video features Britney as a female spy playing the sexy flight attendant, seducing her passenger before she makes her escape on a motorbike and breaks into a high-security facility guarded by a laser security system.

This track and video is a guaranteed way to feel invincible, and deserves a place on your playlist no matter your mood.

Kelis – Milkshake
A cheesy classic that is guaranteed to make you feel all warm and gooey inside, Kelis pumps up the heat in this 00’s RnB track. Underpinned by intricate drum beats and electric elements, Kelis’ self-confidence is infectious, and it’s hard not to find yourself smiling at the lyrics.

This track is a great way to get into a flirtatious mindset, making it a great choice before going on a date or heading out for the evening.

And if you’re staying in? It’s a great mood lift. But beware! You may find yourself craving a sweet treat.

Eve (ft. Gwen Stefani) – Let Me Blow Your Mind
This RnB classic will capture your attention with its assertive rhythm and powerful vocals from 00’s icons Eve and Gwen Stefani. Featuring a laid-back – yet self-assured – beat, and catchy guitar riff, this is a great track for driving, and its empowering feel is sure to help you feel motivated.

Got a job interview lined up, or thinking of asking for a raise? This anthemic number is a quick way to feel positive and more assertive.

The video features Eve and Gwen Stefani crashing an exclusive event on quad bikes, causing a stir among the privileged attendants, and shoving the performer off stage to perform their own music, before finally being arrested and taken to the station in a police van.

This ‘baddie’ track helps you to tap into the hidden ‘bold’ side of your personality, and lifts your mood while keeping you feeling calm and cool.

Fergie – MILF$
If you have kids, it can be difficult to feel sexy. When you’re running around cleaning the house, changing nappies, or up to your elbows in dishwater, you can easily forget your sensual side – leaving you feeling frumpy and lacking in confidence and motivation.

Thankfully, Fergie’s comeback track is a quick remedy to your low mood and lethargy.

Featuring attractive mothers dressed in curve-hugging latex and silky lingerie going about their daily life in a dreamy, colourful suburbia, this track is a quick way to transform your self-esteem and transport you to a world where you are not just a mother, but a goddess too.

Why not shake off the day and tap into your feminine energy with Fergie, your sexiest PJs, and a bottle of your favourite wine?

Marina And The Diamonds – How To Be A Heartbreaker
Low confidence after a breakup? You’re not alone. Having your heart broken can leave you feeling depressed, undesirable, and unmotivated. So flip the tables on your ex and become a heartbreaker with Marina’s catchy club classic.

This empowering dance track will make you want to move your body and get in touch with your bad girl side, with its heavy beat and pounding rhythms.

Plus, if your libido has suffered as a result of your low mood, take a sneaky peek at the video – it will get your blood pumping with its steamy shower shots and smoking hot male models.